Peperomias are found in tropical and sub-tropical regions around the world. At the moment Catalogue of Life lists around 1,400 recognized species. 3,000 names have been used in publications) and new species continue to be discovered. There are over a thousand Peperomia species, although the exact number is unclear as some plants have been recorded several times with different names (c. The fruit is a berry that eventually dries out and shows the tiny pepper-like seed. Most peperomia flowers seem odorless to humans but some carry a musty or even unpleasant odor, such as P. Peperomia flowers are typically unnoticeable, growing in cordlike spikes, although there are some exceptions such as P. Currently just under 50 species of geophytic peperomias are known, but new ones continue to be discovered. These plants have leaves that fall off in the colder dry season, survive due to their underground tubers, and grow the leaves back as more rain falls. The third group contains geophytic peperomias.
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They store water both in their stout stems and in their succulent leaves, which typically form kind of tubes or balls, appearing U- or V-shaped in cross-section, often with epidermal windows on the top-side. They are adapted to withstanding a long warm season followed by a colder winter and very little rainfall.
Second group consists of arid climate succulent peperomias, which are often found in high altitudes. They also enjoy high air humidity, warm temperatures, and grow all year round. They may be green or striped, marbled or bordered with pale green, red or gray, and the petioles of some kinds are red. The leaves may be oval with the leafstalk at or near the center of the leaf blade, or they may be heart-shaped or lance-shaped their size varies from 2.5–10 cm (1–4 in) long. As they do not have access to ground water they are typically succulent to a certain degree which in many species shows as thick, fleshy leaves, which have a waxy surface and are sometimes rippled. They are adapted to living in small shady crevices on, for example, trees, with small root systems. Most species are compact and usually do not exceed 30 cm (12 in) in height.įirst are plants with decorative foliage, which often grow in rain or clouds forests as epiphytes. Peperomias vary considerably in appearance (see gallery below) and there is no universally accepted method of categorising them, although three main groups can be distinguished.
Bailey because many of them enjoy bright and dry environments similar to a windowsill above a radiator. They are sometimes called radiator plants, a name possibly coined by L.H. Peperomia plants do not have a widely accepted common name and some argue that it is better to use the genus name, as is the case with genera such as Petunia and Begonia. The genus name Peperomia was coined by Spanish botanists Ruiz López and Pavón Jiménez in 1794 after their travels in Peru and Chile. Most species are compact perennial shrubs or vines. Some are epiphytes (growing on other plants) or lithophytes (growing on rock or in rock crevices), and many are xerophytes (drought-tolerant) either with thick succulent structures or with underground tubers ( geophytes). Peperomias have adapted to many different environments and their appearance varies greatly. The exact number is difficult to tell as some plants have been recorded several times with different names and new species continue to be discovered. They are concentrated in northern South America and Central America, but are also found in Africa, southern Asia, and Oceania. It is estimated that there are at least over 1,000 species, occurring in all tropical and subtropical regions of the world. Peperomia is one of the two large genera of the family Piperaceae. Over 1,000, see List of Peperomia species
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